Indometacin

usage and dosage

Indomethacin is a potent corticoid anti-inflammatory and antipyretic medication that works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, reducing the synthesis of prostaglandin (PG), and preventing nerve impulse formation, thereby suppressing inflammatory reactions. It exhibits strong anti-inflammatory effects, surpassing other drugs like bute and hydrocortisone, making it valuable for conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and gout. Additionally, it possesses robust antipyretic properties, and its analgesic effect is most pronounced in cases of inflammatory pain. Indomethacin is often used in combination with other drugs to reduce their dosages and minimize side effects. It is also employed in the treatment of various conditions, including biliary colic, dysmenorrhea, migraines, glomerulonephritis, and more. Furthermore, it can address ophthalmic issues like keratitis and glaucoma, as well as dermatological conditions such as lupus erythematosus and psoriasis. Indomethacin is rapidly absorbed when taken orally, with a half-life of approximately 4.5 hours, and it can cross the blood-brain barrier and placenta. Its metabolism occurs in the liver, followed by renal and biliary excretion, and it can also be excreted in breast milk. The recommended dosages vary depending on the condition being treated.

Category

Poisonous

classification of toxicity

Highly toxic.

Combustible hazard characteristics

Open flame fuel; high heat decomposition of toxic chloride and nitrogen oxide gas.

Description

Indomethacin is a potent corticoid anti-inflammatory and analgesic medication used to treat conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and osteoarthritis. It works by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, reducing prostaglandin synthesis, and alleviating inflammation, pain, and fever. Common adverse reactions include gastrointestinal issues like nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and ulcers, as well as side effects like headaches, dizziness, and skin reactions. Indomethacin should not be used by individuals with active ulcer disease, ulcerative colitis, epilepsy, or certain allergies. It is not recommended during the last three months of pregnancy or while breastfeeding. This medication can lead to various toxic reactions if overdosed. Despite its potency, indomethacin may have adverse effects on the gastrointestinal, hematopoietic, and ocular systems, and it can interact with other drugs. Despite these challenges, indomethacin remains a valuable tool in managing pain and inflammation in specific medical conditions.

Originator

Indocin,MSD,US,1965

Brand name

Indocin (Merck);Argan.